1-Deoxyfuconojirimycin HCl

1-脱氧岩藻糖野尻霉素盐酸盐,

Specific, potent and competitive inhibitor of α-L-fucosidase with Ki of 10 nM. In human breast cancer cells, it causes increase of fucosylation on cell surface molecules such as Lewis X antigen (CD15) and CD44 glycoprotein. The 1-deoxyfuconojirimycin treatment increases invasiveness of cancer cells.

(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-triol, also known as D-galactosamine, is a sugar amino acid that is found in several natural products, including microbial glycopeptides and bacterial exopolysaccharides. The molecule has important biological properties and has been widely used in scientific experiments for several decades. In this paper, we will explore the definition and background of D-galactosamine, its physical and chemical properties, synthesis, and characterization, analytical methods, biological properties, toxicity, and safety in scientific experiments, applications in scientific experiments, current state of research, potential implications in various fields of research and industry, limitations, and future directions.

Definition and Background:

(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline is a monosaccharide that is derived from the simple sugar galactose. It is a 5-membered-ring structure with a primary amine group attached to the fourth carbon atom. (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline is widely used in scientific experiments because of its ability to interfere with glycosylation patterns and induce apoptosis in cells.

Synthesis and Characterization:

(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline can be synthesized from L-galactose using several methods, including amination, reduction, and transamination. The most common method involves the amination of L-galactose using ammonia and sodium cyanoborohydride. It can be characterized by various analytical techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Analytical Methods:

Several analytical methods are used to determine the purity and identity of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline, including HPLC and Gas Chromatography (GC). These methods can be used to evaluate the presence of impurities and determine the molecular weight and structure of the compound.

Biological Properties:

(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline has several important biological properties, including its ability to disrupt glycosylation patterns and induce apoptosis in cells. It has been shown to be involved in several critical biological processes, including immune modulation, inflammation, and cell signaling.

Toxicity and Safety in Scientific Experiments:

(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline can be toxic to cells at high concentrations and is considered a hazardous material. However, it has been widely used in scientific experiments with appropriate safety precautions.

Applications in Scientific Experiments:

(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline has been used in scientific experiments to explore various biological processes, including immune modulation, inflammation, and cell signaling. It has also been used as a tool to study the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity and to induce liver damage in animal models.

Current State of Research:

The current research on (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline is focused on exploring its potential applications in various fields of research, including immunology, toxicology, and cancer biology. Researchers are also investigating the underlying mechanisms of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline-induced apoptosis and exploring its potential as a therapeutic agent.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry:

(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline has the potential to be a valuable tool in various fields of research, including immunology, toxicology, and cancer biology. It may also have potential applications in the pharmaceutical industry as a therapeutic agent.

Limitations and Future Directions:

One of the limitations of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline is its toxicity at high concentrations, which limits its use in some experiments. Future directions for research include exploring the mechanisms of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline-induced toxicity and identifying safer alternatives to the compound.

Future Directions:

Possible future directions for research on (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline include:

1. Investigating the use of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline as a therapeutic agent for liver diseases and cancer.

2. Exploring the potential applications of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline in immunology and inflammation research.

3. Developing new synthesis methods for (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline with improved efficiency and yield.

4. Investigating the application of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline in drug delivery systems and biomaterials.

5. Exploring the interaction of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline with other molecules and identifying potential synergistic effects.

6. Investigating the safety of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline in long-term exposure and in combination with other chemicals.

7. Exploring the potential use of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline as a scaffold for tissue engineering applications.

8. Identifying novel pathways and targets for (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline-induced apoptosis.

9. Investigating the gene expression changes induced by (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline in different cell types.

10. Exploring the potential of (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline as a probe for glycosylation-related studies.

Conclusion:

(2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-methylpiperidine-3,4,5-trioline is an important molecule with various biological properties that have been widely used in scientific experiments. It has potential applications in various fields of research and industry, including immunology, toxicology, and cancer biology. Although the compound has some limitations, it remains a valuable tool for exploring several important biological processes. Further research is needed to explore its potential uses and to identify safer alternatives to the compound.