1-Azido-1-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid

1-叠氮-beta-D-葡萄糖酸，

(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-azido-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid is a chemical compound with a molecular weight of 219.153 g/mol. It is a member of the nucleotide sugar family and can be synthesized through a variety of methods. In this article, we will explore the physical and chemical properties, synthesis and characterization, analytical methods, biological properties, toxicity, safety, applications in scientific experiments, current state of research, potential implications in various fields of research and industry, limitations, and future directions of this compound.

Physical and Chemical Properties:

The molecule consists of six-membered pyranose ring with a carboxylic acid group at C2 and an azide group at C6. It is a white, odorless powder, and is soluble in water. The pKa value of the carboxylic acid group is around 3.8, as determined from UV spectroscopy. The molecule is stable at room temperature, but decomposes at a higher temperature. It is sensitive to light and air, and should be stored in a dark and dry environment.

Synthesis and Characterization:

Several procedures have been reported for the synthesis of (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-azido-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid. The most commonly used method involves the reaction of 2,3,4,5,6-penta-O-acetyl-D-glucono-1,5-lactone with sodium azide in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid. The product is then hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide to form the desired compound. Characterization of the product is typically carried out using spectroscopic techniques such as 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, FTIR, and mass spectrometry.

Analytical Methods:

The determination of (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-azido-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid in various matrices can be achieved using a variety of analytical techniques, such as HPLC, GC-MS, and LC-MS. These methods are sensitive and can be used to detect the compound in low concentrations.

Biological Properties:

The biological properties of (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-azido-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid have been studied extensively. The compound has been shown to possess antiviral, antitumor, and antibacterial properties. It has also been reported to inhibit the growth of certain bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Toxicity and Safety in Scientific Experiments:

The compound has been shown to be relatively safe in scientific experiments. However, caution should be exercised when handling it, as it is sensitive to light and air. Proper personal protective equipment should be used when handling this compound.

Applications in Scientific Experiments:

(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-azido-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid has a wide range of applications in scientific experiments. It can be used as a precursor for the synthesis of various nucleotide sugars, which are essential for the biosynthesis of glycoconjugates. It has also been used as a tool for the study of carbohydrate-protein interactions.

Current State of Research:

There is significant ongoing research into the properties and applications of (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-azido-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid. Researchers are exploring its potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer and viral infections.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry:

(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-azido-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid has potential applications in various fields of research and industry. In the pharmaceutical industry, it may be used as a precursor for the synthesis of novel anticancer and antiviral drugs. In the food industry, it may be used to produce functional ingredients, such as prebiotics and probiotics.

Limitations and Future Directions:

The limitations of (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-azido-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid include its sensitivity to light and air, which may limit its stability and shelf life. Further research is needed to explore its potential toxicity and safety in living organisms. Future studies should also investigate new applications and potential therapeutic uses of this compound.

Some of the potential future directions for research on (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-azido-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid may include:

- Investigation of the mechanism of action of the compound against cancer cells and viruses

- Exploration of the potential of the compound as a tool for the study of carbohydrate-protein interactions

- Development of new synthetic methods for the production of the compound

- Evaluation of the potential of the compound as a diagnostic tool for the detection of cancer and viral infections

- Investigation of the ability of the compound to modulate the immune system and regulate inflammation.